Distribution automation (DA), a system that enables an electric utility to monitor, coordinate and operate distribution components in real time from remote locations, first emerged in the 1980s.

Functional safety is a major challenge for field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) and other semiconductor designs. Safety requirements go beyond traditional verification, which focuses on design bugs.

The FTR-Birdie is a self-contained electrical test and fault-finding logger that records and displays all on/off voltage changes at its 16 inputs. The input on/off status of each line is displayed by ...