The search for the accurate value of pi led not only to more accuracy, but also to the development of new concepts and techniques, such as limits and iterative algorithms, which then became ...

The assessment of statistical significance by Monte Carlo simulation may be costly in computer time. This paper looks at a number of ways of calculating exact Monte Carlo p-values by sequential ...

Bursts of calculations of even more digits of pi followed the adoption of iterative algorithms, which repeatedly build an updated value by using a calculation performed on the previous value.