Background Strength training interventions have long been a cornerstone of ankle injury rehabilitation, with greater emphasis on the eccentric (ECC) muscle actions necessary for coordinated ankle ...

1 School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland 2 Institute for Sport and Health, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland 3 Insight Centre ...

Ankle reconstruction surgery addresses chronic ankle instability, arthritis, or injuries that have not appropriately healed after 3–6 months of conservative treatments. Surgery aims to restore the ...

Simple ankle swelling test detects fluid retention; persistent oedema may indicate heart, kidney problems which needs medical review.