The first test most babies are given — and which most pass with good scores — is the Apgar test. It was developed in 1952 by Dr. Virginia Apgar, who wanted a quick, simple way to check how newborns ...

The Apgar score has long served as a rapid and effective tool for assessing the immediate physiological state of a newborn. By evaluating five key criteria—heart rate, respiratory effort, muscle tone, ...

A 5-minute Apgar score < 7 was significantly associated with increased risks for in-hospital mortality, severe intraventricular haemorrhage (IVH), bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), retinopathy of ...

For cesarean delivery, regional anesthesia is associated with slightly higher Apgar scores and less frequent need for ...