Background A 32-year-old healthy woman from China was diagnosed with a bladder mass during pelvic ultrasonography, carried out during the work-up of a miscarriage. Cystoscopy by the Department of ...

The cause of interstitial cystitis, a chronic disease that affects the bladder, is unknown. Autoantibodies, such as those against nuclear and bladder epithelium antigens, have been found in patients ...