The Battle of Issus, fought in 333 BCE, epitomizes Alexander the Great's tactical brilliance against the formidable Persian army led by Darius III. Situated near the narrow coastal plains of Cilicia, the battlefield favored Alexander's smaller but highly disciplined forces. Alexander skillfully utilized the terrain to counter the numerical superiority of the Persians. He deployed his troops in a phalanx formation, with heavy infantry at the center and cavalry on the flanks. As the battle commenc